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HTML <!DOCTYPE> Declaration |
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<!DOCTYPE html> |
HTML 5 declaration |
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The <!DOCTYPE> declaration must be the very first thing
in your HTML document, before the <html> tag. |
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The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not an HTML tag; it is an
instruction to the web browser about what version of HTML the page is written
in. |
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Tip: Always
add the <!DOCTYPE> declaration to your HTML documents, so that the
browser knows what type of document to expect. |
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HTML <head> Tag |
<head> |
The <head> element is a container for all the head
elements. Tip: Put the
<base> tag as the first element inside the <head> element, so
that other elements in the head section uses the information from the
<base> element. |
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<base> |
The <base> tag specifies the base URL/target for all
relative URLs in a document. |
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<title>Title
of the document</title> |
The <head> element can include a title for the document,
scripts, styles, meta information, and more. |
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<style> |
The <style> tag is used to define style information for
an HTML document. Each HTML document
can contain multiple <style> tags. |
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<link> |
The <link> tag defines a link between a document and an
external resource. The <link>
tag is used to link to external style sheets. |
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<meta> |
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<script> |
The <script> tag is used to define a client-side script
(JavaScript). |
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<noscript> |
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</head> |
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HTML <meta> Tag |
<meta> |
Metadata is data (information)
about data. |
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The <meta> tag provides
metadata about the HTML document. Metadata will not be displayed on the page,
but will be machine parsable. |
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Meta elements are typically
used to specify page description, keywords, author of the document, last
modified, and other metadata. |
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The metadata can be used by
browsers (how to display content or reload page), search engines (keywords),
or other web services. |
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Note: <meta> tags always go inside the <head> element. |
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Note: Metadata
is always passed as name/value pairs. |
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Note: The
content attribute MUST be defined if the name or the http-equiv attribute is
defined. If none of these are defined, the content attribute CANNOT be
defined. |
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HTML 4.01: <meta
http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;
charset=UTF-8"> |
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HTML5: <meta
charset="UTF-8"> |
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<meta name="keywords" content="HTML, CSS,
XML, XHTML, JavaScript"> |
Define keywords for search engines |
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<meta name="description" content="Free Web
tutorials on HTML and CSS"> |
Define a description of your web page |
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<meta name="author" content="Hege
Refsnes"> |
Define the author of a page |
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<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="30" |
Refresh document every 30 seconds |
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<meta charset="GB18030"> |
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HTML <link> Tag |
<link> |
The <link> tag defines a link between a document and an
external resource. |
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<head> |
The <link> tag is used to link to external style sheets. |
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="theme.css"> |
The <link> element is an empty element, it
contains attributes only. |
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</head> |
This element goes only in the
head section, but it can appear any number of times. |
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<script> |
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<p id="demo"></p> |
The <script> tag is used to define a client-side script (JavaScript). |
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<script> |
The <script> element either contains scripting
statements, or it points to an external script file through the src attribute. |
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document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = "Hello
JavaScript!"; |
Common uses for JavaScript are image manipulation, form
validation, and dynamic changes of content. |
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</script> |
his JavaScript example writes "Hello JavaScript!"
into an HTML element with id="demo" |
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<p>JavaScript can change the content of an HTML
element:</p> |
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<button type="button" onclick="myFunction()">Click Me!</button> |
JavaScript can change HTML
content |
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<p id="demo">This
is a demonstration.</p> |
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<script> |
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function myFunction()
{ |
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document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = "Hello
JavaScript!"; |
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} |
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</script> |
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<p id="demo">JavaScript can change the style
of an HTML element.</p> |
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<script> |
JavaScript can change HTML
styles |
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function myFunction()
{ |
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document.getElementById("demo").style.fontSize =
"25px"; |
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document.getElementById("demo").style.color =
"red"; |
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} |
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</script> |
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<script> |
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function light(sw) { |
JavaScript can change HTML
attributes |
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var pic; |
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if (sw == 0) { |
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pic =
"pic_bulboff.gif" |
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} else { |
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pic =
"pic_bulbon.gif" |
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} |
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document.getElementById('myImage').src = pic; |
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} |
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</script> |
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<img id="myImage" src="pic_bulboff.gif"
width="100" height="180"> |
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<p> |
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<button type="button"
onclick="light(1)">Light On</button> |
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<button type="button"
onclick="light(0)">Light Off</button> |
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</p> |
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<noscript> Tag |
<script> |
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document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML =
"Hello JavaScript!"; |
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</script> |
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<noscript>Sorry, your browser does not support
JavaScript!</noscript> |
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<p>A browser without support for JavaScript will show
the text written inside the noscript element.</p> |
The <noscript> tag is used to provide an alternate content for users
that have disabled scripts in their browser or have a browser that doesn't
support client-side scripts |
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